What is MERS:
- A rare but severe respiratory illness
- Caused by the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV)
- Zoonotic disease (transmitted from animals to humans)
- First identified in 2012
- As of April 2014, the World Health Organisation (WHO) has reported 2,613 cases and 943 deaths (an approximate 39% fatality rate)
How is MERS contracted or spread:
- From infected dromedary camels, including:
- Contact with raw or undercooked camel meat
- Consumption of unpasteurised camel milk
- Exposure to camel secretions
- From infected individuals, especially in healthcare settings:
- Through close, unprotected contact
- During healthcare-associated outbreaks
- Exact mode of transmission remains unclear
Symptoms of MERS:
- Symptoms can take up to 14 days to present
- Common symptoms:
- Fever
- Cough
- Shortness of breath
- Other possible symptoms:
- Diarrhoea
- Muscle aches
- Nausea and vomiting
- Some individuals may exhibit mild or no symptoms at all
Diagnosing MERS:
- Testing involves throat swabs or fluid samples from the lungs
- Patient presentation may include:
- Severe lower respiratory illness
- Clinical, radiological, and histopathological signs consistent with pneumonia or pneumonitis
Reducing Your Risk of MERS:
- Ensure travel vaccinations are up to date
- Practice regular hand hygiene (handwashing and sanitising)
- Seek medical attention promptly if you:
- Feel unwell
- Have been in close contact with a confirmed or suspected case
Travel Advice – MERS
- No vaccine is currently available for MERS
- Consult your GP before travelling, especially if you have:
- Diabetes
- Renal failure
- Chronic lung disease
- A weakened immune system
- The Hajj Pilgrimage to Makkah in Saudi Arabia is expected to draw over 1 million people in 2025 and poses increased risk
- All reported cases are linked to travel or residence in Middle Eastern countries
- Avoid close contact with camels, and exercise caution if entering markets or farms
For the most up to date information – visit:
Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) | Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care
